Budget AI in the company: token governance and ROI

From tokenmaxxing to token rationing: what's happening

In June 2026, TechCrunch has documented un fenomeno in rapida diffusione. Le aziende stanno esaurendo i propri budget AI molto prima del previsto. Il motivo? I dipendenti utilizzano i modelli generativi per attività di basso valore: riformulare email, riassumere documenti brevi, generare testi di poche righe. Ogni chiamata alle API consuma token. Ogni token ha un costo. Moltiplicato per centinaia di utenti, il risultato è una voce di spesa fuori controllo.

This scenario has a precise name: Tokenmaxxing. In pratica, l’uso massivo e spesso inconsapevole delle capacità dei modelli linguistici. Tuttavia, la fase euforica sembra già conclusa. Stiamo entrando nell’era opposta: il token rationing, or the conscious rationalization of AI consumption.

Pertanto, la domanda che i responsabili marketing e digital devono porsi non è più «quale strumento AI adottare». La domanda è: «Come governiamo il consumo AI per massimizzare il ritorno sull’investimento?»

I numeri che ridisegnano le priorità dei CFO

Il mercato dei modelli AI-as-a-service è cresciuto in modo esponenziale. Secondo Gartner, entro il 2027 oltre il 70% delle imprese mid-market avrà integrato almeno uno strumento AI nei propri processi core. Tuttavia, la stessa ricerca evidenzia che meno del 30% di queste aziende dispone di un framework formale per monitorare i costi di utilizzo.

Inoltre, i modelli di pricing a token creano una variabilità difficile da budgettare. Un’azienda che utilizza GPT-4o o Claude 3.5 per il content marketing può vedere i costi mensili oscillare del 40-60% in funzione del volume di richieste. Di conseguenza, i CFO stanno iniziando a chiedere ai team marketing e digital di rendicontare il consumo AI con la stessa precisione con cui si rendiconta la spesa pubblicitaria.

In Italia, il contesto è ulteriormente complesso. Le PMI spesso adottano strumenti AI attraverso abbonamenti SaaS che includono quote di utilizzo. Quando queste quote si esauriscono, scattano costi aggiuntivi non preventivati. Dunque, la governance non è un tema da grandi enterprise: riguarda anche chi gestisce team di 10-50 persone.

Strategic Reading: Three Dynamics to Observe

Analyzing the phenomenon from a consulting perspective, three structural dynamics emerge that deserve attention.

First of all, democratization generates dispersion. Quando uno strumento AI è accessibile a tutti i dipendenti, il consumo si distribuisce in modo caotico. Non esiste una prioritizzazione dei casi d’uso ad alto valore. Ogni utente usa lo strumento secondo la propria logica, spesso per attività che non richiederebbero AI.

Secondly, the lack of output metrics thwarts ROI. Molte aziende misurano il consumo di token (input), ma non misurano l’output di valore generato. Ad esempio, quante ore di lavoro sono state risparmiate? Quanti contenuti prodotti hanno generato traffico organico? Senza queste metriche, il budget AI rimane una voce di costo opaca.

Infine, la pressione competitiva spinge all’adozione affrettata. Molte PMI hanno integrato strumenti AI nel 2025 senza una strategia di governance. Oggi si trovano a gestire le conseguenze. Tuttavia, questo non significa che l’AI sia un errore: significa che serve un approccio più maturo.

The Unfinished Work: AI Governance in Italian SMEs

Building an AI governance model doesn't necessarily require complex structures. We at SHM Studio lavoriamo con aziende di diverse dimensioni e osserviamo che i framework più efficaci condividono alcuni elementi comuni.

Mappatura dei casi d’uso per livello di valore. Not all AI uses are equivalent. Generati a campaign of SEO copywriting ottimizzata ha un valore misurabile. Riformulare un’email interna ha un valore marginale. Pertanto, il primo passo è classificare i casi d’uso in tre categorie: alto valore (strategici), medio valore (operativi), basso valore (da limitare o automatizzare con modelli più economici).

Budget allocation by team or function. Analogous to how budgets are managed for Google Ads campaigns or for the LinkedIn campaign, il consumo AI può essere allocato per reparto. Questo crea accountability e incentiva un uso consapevole.

Choosing the right model for each task. Usare un modello di ultima generazione per ogni richiesta è come usare un SUV per fare 500 metri. Esistono modelli più leggeri ed economici adatti a task semplici. Quindi, una governance efficace include anche una politica di selezione del modello in funzione della complessità del task.

Operational implications for marketing and digital teams

For marketing managers, AI governance translates into concrete decisions. Here are the priority areas for action.

  • Current consumption audit prima di razionalizzare, è necessario capire dove vanno i token. Molti provider offrono dashboard di utilizzo dettagliate. Usarle è il punto di partenza.
  • AI Integration into Strategies SEO e digital marketing: i casi d’uso ad alto ROI includono la generazione di contenuti ottimizzati, l’analisi semantica delle SERP, la personalizzazione delle campagne. Questi utilizzi giustificano un investimento token significativo.
  • Team formation i dipendenti devono capire che ogni prompt ha un costo. Non si tratta di limitare la creatività, ma di orientarla verso obiettivi misurabili.
  • Continuous monitoring il consumo AI non è statico. Cresce con l’adozione. Pertanto, il budget deve essere rivisto almeno trimestralmente, non annualmente.

Inoltre, vale la pena considerare l’integrazione di strumenti di AI governance in their technology stacks. Some platforms allow setting consumption thresholds, automatic alerts, and differentiated access policies by role.

Verso il 2027: chi governerà l’AI governerà il vantaggio competitivo

Il tema della governance AI non è destinato a ridimensionarsi. Al contrario, crescerà in importanza man mano che i modelli diventano più potenti e i costi per token si ridistribuiscono su volumi sempre maggiori. Secondo Harvard Business Review, le organizzazioni che investono in AI governance oggi costruiscono una capacità competitiva difficile da replicare nel breve termine.

Per le PMI italiane, questo significa agire ora. Non aspettare che il budget si esaurisca per iniziare a ragionare su come allocarlo. Non aspettare che un CFO chieda rendicontazione per costruire le metriche di output. Dunque, la governance AI non è un vincolo: è un abilitatore.

I team che sapranno bilanciare libertà di utilizzo e controllo dei costi otterranno il meglio dall’AI. Quelli che si limiteranno a tagliare l’accesso agli strumenti rischiano di perdere i benefici reali della tecnologia. Il punto di equilibrio si trova nella strategia, non nel blocco.

To further explore how to structure a sustainable AI strategy for your business context, the team at SHM Studio è disponibile per una consulenza dedicata. È possibile contattarci attraverso la Contact Us to explore our digital services. Further details are available in our blog.

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