AI Costs Out of Control: How to Budget Tokens

Il momento in cui il conto dell’AI è arrivato sul tavolo

For years, the tech industry has been running at full speed. The dominant logic was that of the Tokenmaxxing: massimizzare l’utilizzo dei modelli linguistici, sperimentare, scalare. Tuttavia, come riporta un’analisi recente di TechCrunch, l’industria si trova oggi a fare i conti con costi infrastrutturali AI fuori controllo. La frase che sintetizza il cambiamento è eloquente: «The whole conversation shifted from tokenmaxxing and ‘go fast’ to ‘we need guardrails, how do we control this?’»

Pertanto, il 2026 segna una discontinuità concreta. Non si tratta più di esplorare le possibilità dell’intelligenza artificiale. Si tratta di capire quanto costa davvero integrarla nei processi aziendali. Questo vale per le grandi corporation, ma vale ancora di più per le PMI italiane.

The numbers that count: tokens, costs, and actual consumption

The concept of token è centrale in questa analisi. Un token corrisponde approssimativamente a tre o quattro caratteri di testo. Ogni chiamata a un modello linguistico — che si tratti di GPT-4o, Claude 3.5 o Gemini — consuma token sia in input che in output. Di conseguenza, il costo cresce in modo proporzionale alla complessità e alla frequenza delle richieste.

Secondo dati aggregati del settore, un’azienda di medie dimensioni che integra AI in tre o quattro flussi di lavoro può arrivare a spendere tra i 2.000 e i 15.000 euro al mese in sole API calls. Inoltre, questi costi tendono a crescere nel tempo, man mano che gli use case si moltiplicano. Senza un sistema di monitoraggio, la spesa diventa opaca e difficile da giustificare in sede di budget review.

Research by McKinsey confermano che la gestione dei costi AI è diventata una delle principali preoccupazioni dei CTO nel 2026. In particolare, la difficoltà non è solo tecnica: è organizzativa. Chi approva le spese? Chi monitora il consumo? Chi decide quando un modello è troppo costoso rispetto al valore generato?

Lettura strategica: perché le PMI sono più esposte delle grandi aziende

Le grandi imprese dispongono di team MLOps dedicati. Hanno ingegneri che ottimizzano i prompt, riducono la lunghezza del contesto, scelgono il modello più efficiente per ogni task. Al contrario, le PMI italiane spesso adottano soluzioni AI in modo frammentato, affidandosi a strumenti SaaS che nascondono i costi sottostanti.

Questo crea un rischio specifico. Infatti, una PMI che utilizza uno strumento di AI writing, un chatbot per il customer service e un sistema di analisi dati potrebbe non rendersi conto che sta pagando token tre volte. Dunque, la frammentazione degli strumenti si traduce in una frammentazione dei costi, difficile da aggregare e ancora più difficile da ottimizzare.

Oltre a questo, il mercato dei modelli AI è in rapida evoluzione. Modelli più recenti e più capaci tendono a costare di più per token. Pertanto, aggiornare automaticamente le integrazioni all’ultima versione disponibile può significare aumenti di costo significativi, spesso non pianificati.

We of SHM Studio we observe this pattern with increasing frequency. SMEs that turn to our AI services spesso non hanno una mappatura chiara dei propri consumi. Il primo passo del nostro lavoro è sempre quello di costruire questa visibilità.

Problem Architecture: Where Costs are Hidden

Per comprendere dove intervenire, è utile mappare le principali fonti di consumo token in un’azienda tipica. Esistono tre categorie principali di spesa.

  • Inefficient prompt engineering Prompts too long, redundant contexts, instructions repeated with every call. Every extra character has a cost.
  • Oversized model for the task: usare GPT-4o per classificare email semplici è come usare un bisturi per tagliare il pane. Modelli più piccoli e specializzati costano meno e spesso performano meglio su task specifici.
  • No caching Many implementations repeat identical or nearly identical calls without leveraging caching mechanisms. This multiplies costs without any additional benefit.

Analogamente, l’assenza di limiti di spesa configurati a livello di account API è un rischio operativo concreto. Gartner ha identificato il Cost governance dell’AI come una delle dieci priorità tecnologiche per il biennio 2026-2027, come si legge nelle loro technology forecasts.

Operational implications for Italian SMEs

Translating this analysis into concrete actions requires a structured approach. Below are the priority areas for intervention for an SME that wants to bring its AI spending under control.

First of all, the mapping. È necessario censire tutti i punti di contatto con API AI: strumenti SaaS, integrazioni custom, automazioni. Senza questa visibilità, qualsiasi ottimizzazione è cieca.

Next, segmentation by value. Non tutti i task AI hanno lo stesso valore strategico. Pertanto, è utile classificare gli use case in base al ritorno generato e al costo sostenuto. Questo permette di allocare budget in modo razionale.

So, the choice of the right model. Esistono oggi modelli open source e modelli commerciali di fascia media che offrono prestazioni eccellenti su task specifici a una frazione del costo dei modelli flagship. La scelta del modello è una decisione economica oltre che tecnica.

Finally, continuous monitoring. I costi AI non sono statici. Crescono con l’adozione, cambiano con gli aggiornamenti dei modelli, variano con i volumi di utilizzo. Un dashboard di monitoraggio — anche semplice — è uno strumento essenziale.

Le nostre attività di digital marketing and of SEO integrano sempre più componenti AI. Allo stesso modo, anche i nostri clienti stanno esplorando queste integrazioni. Per questo motivo, abbiamo sviluppato un approccio che bilancia innovazione e controllo dei costi.

What nobody tells you: the hidden cost of iterative prompting

C’è un aspetto che raramente emerge nelle discussioni sui costi AI. Si tratta del Iterative prompt: la pratica di affinare progressivamente un prompt attraverso decine di chiamate di test. In un team di tre o quattro persone che lavorano su un’integrazione AI, questo processo può consumare centinaia di migliaia di token prima ancora che il sistema vada in produzione.

Nonostante ciò, poche aziende tracciano questi costi di sviluppo separatamente dai costi operativi. Il risultato è una sottostima sistematica del costo totale di ownership di un’integrazione AI. Dunque, il vero budget AI di un’azienda è spesso il doppio di quello percepito.

Questo non significa che l’AI non valga l’investimento. Al contrario, significa che il ROI va calcolato in modo più rigoroso. I nostri web services e le nostre attività di SEO copywriting dimostrano quotidianamente che l’AI, usata bene, genera valore misurabile. Tuttavia,

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